[5.1.x] Refs CVE-2025-64459 -- Avoided propagating invalid arguments to Q on dictionary expansion.

Backport of 3c3f463577 from main.

django/db/models/query.py

@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ MAX_GET_RESULTS = 21
 # The maximum number of items to display in a QuerySet.__repr__
 REPR_OUTPUT_SIZE = 20
 
+PROHIBITED_FILTER_KWARGS = frozenset(["_connector", "_negated"])
+
 
 class BaseIterable:
     def __init__(
@@ -1495,6 +1497,9 @@ class QuerySet(AltersData):
         return clone
 
     def _filter_or_exclude_inplace(self, negate, args, kwargs):
+        if invalid_kwargs := PROHIBITED_FILTER_KWARGS.intersection(kwargs):
+            invalid_kwargs_str = ", ".join(f"'{k}'" for k in sorted(invalid_kwargs))
+            raise TypeError(f"The following kwargs are invalid: {invalid_kwargs_str}")
         if negate:
             self._query.add_q(~Q(*args, **kwargs))
         else:

tests/queries/tests.py

@@ -4503,6 +4503,14 @@ class TestInvalidValuesRelation(SimpleTestCase):
             Annotation.objects.filter(tag__in=[123, "abc"])
 
 
+class TestInvalidFilterArguments(TestCase):
+    def test_filter_rejects_invalid_arguments(self):
+        school = School.objects.create()
+        msg = "The following kwargs are invalid: '_connector', '_negated'"
+        with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msg):
+            School.objects.filter(pk=school.pk, _negated=True, _connector="evil")
+
+
 class TestTicket24605(TestCase):
     def test_ticket_24605(self):
         """